Working principle of cutting machine

Cutting machine is a kind of machine widely used in paper products, plastic products, carpets, fabrics, leather and other fields. It is an important production automation equipment. Its main function is to cut the raw materials into the required workpieces according to certain specifications or shapes through sketches or electronic designs. The working principle of the cutting machine is as follows:

1. Tool system

The tool system of the cutting machine is driven by a high-speed motor or hydraulic cylinder, in which the speed of the hydraulic driven tool is slow, generally between 10-30 m/min, while the speed of the motor driven tool is faster, generally between 100-150 m/min. The choice of cutting tool depends on the material to be cut, for example: cutting paper material is suitable for cutter wheel, cutting plastic material is suitable for flat knife, cutting copper and aluminum soft plate material is suitable for gear.

2. Control system

The control system is one of the main parts of the cutting machine, which controls the movement of the tool through a computer program to achieve cutting of different shapes and sizes. The control system usually adopts PLC or IPC controller. The software application of the controller is CAD/CAM software, which can accept the input digital design and cut the material through the tool system. There are various ways of communication between the computer and the controller, usually through binary data.

3. Fixed system

The fixing system includes the positioning and fixing of the fixed material to prevent the material from moving or shaking during the cutting process. For paper, plastic and other easily deformable materials, it is necessary to use air suction cups to keep the material stable on the cutting machine. For materials with large thickness such as copper and aluminum plates, the fixing methods are various, and magnetic suction cups or threaded fixing are usually used to complete the fixing of the material.

4. Material conveying system

The material conveying system refers to the system of material transmission in the cutting machine, which transfers the material from the starting point to the tool, and then discharges the material through the conveyor belt or discharge port. The material conveying system includes conveyor belt, rubber roller, pressure strip and other components, the specific structure depends on the type of cutting machine.

The above is the working principle of the cutting machine and its components. Of course, different types and brands of cutting machines are also different in the specific structure and working process. When using the cutting machine, it is necessary to select the corresponding tool, fixing method and transmission system according to different materials. At the same time, it is also necessary to pay attention to the timely maintenance of the cutting machine to ensure its normal operation and extend the service life of the machine.